In the past ten years, the level of China’s technology and industrial manufacturing has grown rapidly, and the concept of intelligent manufacturing has been widely applied to all walks of life. The improvement of production technology interacts with the personalized needs of the market, driving the breakthrough of new technologies and the continuous iteration of the market. For the current emerging custom furniture industry, the application of CNC processing equipment has greatly improved the production efficiency of enterprises. Under the background of the gradual maturity of multi-axis CNC processing technology, the mass production of personalized solid wood furniture is no longer a contradictory problem.
The rise of the custom solid wood furniture market
In today’s society, the living standards and needs of residents are constantly improving, and customized furniture has been welcomed by consumers. People’s individual needs and fast-paced life undoubtedly put forward higher requirements for the production and development of solid wood furniture. For the special-shaped furniture in solid wood furniture, due to its relatively difficult and complicated processing, in the traditional processing method, it is almost inseparable from the participation of multi-step manual processing. To solve the personalized production needs of solid wood furniture, advanced manufacturing Technology needs to be put into development and application.
Five-axis CNC machining technology is becoming more and more mature
Economic globalization has driven industrial division of labor and industrial chain transfer. The production capacity of the furniture manufacturing industry is increasing rapidly. Market changes have also driven the development of manufacturing models and technologies. Traditional production methods can no longer meet the personalized and diverse needs of today’s consumers. , so improving the production efficiency of enterprises through high-tech and advanced manufacturing technology has become a key means to relieve production pressure. In recent years, the focus of the manufacturing industry has been shifting towards intelligence and flexibility. With the continuous development of CNC machining technology, five-axis CNC machining technology has been widely used and tends to be mature.
CNC machining technology is the product of mechatronics in the manufacturing industry. Since the 1950s, CNC machining technology has undergone multiple stages of iterative development and has achieved tremendous technological progress. With the continuous maturity of numerical control technology, five-axis numerical control machining technology has been widely used in more and more fields, especially for continuous and smooth complex surfaces and parts, etc., five-axis numerical control machining technology is undoubtedly a high-efficiency solution key to the problem.
Five-axis CNC machining technology introduction
Five-axis computer numerical control machining center refers to a high-speed computer numerical control machining center that integrates computer control, high-performance servo drive, precision machining technology and software technology, and expands five-axis linkage functions. Its system integration features can provide higher processing efficiency and processing capacity. The five-axis CNC machining center is in the X, Y, Z orthogonal three-axis drive system, and additionally installs a tilting and rotating two-axis rotation system, which are three linear axes (XYZ) and two rotary axes (AB) Or (AC), where the X, Y, and Z coordinates determine the tool position, and the rotation coordinates determine the tool direction. Different forms of five-axis CNC machine tools are used to meet the processing needs of many types of products. Although there are many brands and different shapes of five-axis CNC machining centers in the market, according to the different combinations of machine tool motion modes, there are mainly three types: spindle tilting type, table tilting type, and worktable/spindle tilting type. The structure of the machine tool with both rotation axes on the side of the spindle head is called the five-axis machine tool with tilting spindle, or the five-axis machine tool with double swing head structure. This kind of machine tool usually has the following three characteristics: The bearing capacity is strong and the size can be designed very large. ②It is suitable for processing large parts such as ship propellers, aircraft fuselage molds, and automobile panel molds. ③The rigidity and bearing capacity of the spindle are low, which is not conducive to heavy-duty cutting. The common structural forms are cross-type double swing head five-axis CNC machine tool structure (criss cross swing head form) and tool shaft drooping five-axis CNC machine tool structure (plumbing swing head type). The machine tool structure with two rotation axes on one side of the table is called a five-axis CNC machine tool with a tilting table, or a five-axis structure machine tool with a double turntable. The characteristics of this machine tool are usually: ①The main shaft structure is simple and the rigidity is relatively high. good. ②The manufacturing cost is low, and the C-axis rotary table can rotate without restriction, but because the worktable is the main rotary part, its size is limited. ③The carrying capacity is not large, so it is not suitable for processing oversized parts. Common structural forms include double turntable (cradle) structure five-axis CNC machine tools and B-axis vertical table five-axis CNC machine tools. The spindle head of the two rotation axes is set on the side of the tool axis, and the other rotation axis is on the side of the worktable, which is called the worktable/spindle inclined five-axis structure, or the swing head turntable five-axis structure. Its characteristics It is: the structural layout of the rotary axis is relatively flexible, and it can be any combination of two axes in the A/B/C three-axis. This structure combines the advantages of the spindle tilt and the worktable tilt, and the processing flexibility and bearing capacity are improved.
Application of five-axis technology in solid wood furniture
The application of five-axis CNC in solid wood furniture, wood carving and other industries is gradually developing towards complete sets and intelligence. For traditional turning, milling, engraving, drilling, boring, reaming, sawing, slotting, sanding and other processing The process and steps can be completed with only one five-axis CNC machining equipment. For the complex surface shape and structure of solid wood furniture, especially custom-made furniture, five-axis CNC machining technology has flexibility and a high degree of freedom. It is suitable for processing furniture and wood carvings. It has the advantage of rolling when crafting, and the quality of the finished product is often better.
Home furnishing manufacturing enterprises can solve the problems of high product development cost, long cycle, unstable quality, uncoordinated sales and management in the traditional production mode by introducing five-axis CNC processing equipment, and meet the market’s needs for personalized solid wood furniture production, making enterprises In the ever-changing living environment, it can follow the trend.
Advantages of five-axis CNC machining furniture
Based on the development of economy and technology, the R&D and innovation capabilities of the manufacturing sector are usually the manifestation of the core competitiveness of enterprises. The popularization and application of CNC technology has brought transformation and opportunities to the solid wood furniture manufacturing industry. The introduction of five-axis CNC machining technology has further promoted the industry. Develop towards automation and intelligence. Compared with traditional machining methods, five-axis CNC machining equipment integrates technology, control, and calculation, reflecting the excellent advantages in precision, efficiency, and cost.
The processing of complex curved surfaces has unique advantages
For the carved patterns and curved surface solid wood furniture parts in solid wood furniture, it is difficult for ordinary three-axis CNC machine tools to complete continuous and smooth free-form surface processing in one clamping. During three-axis cutting, the working surface cannot flexibly change the angle according to the operation. When the workpiece to be cut is in a non-optimal state, the cutting tool is likely to leave hard machining marks on the surface of the test piece, such as the machining center point. The five-axis cutting can flexibly and quickly change the working surface while maintaining a good rotation speed in the cutting work of the tool, so as to ensure that the processing of the test piece is carried out at a uniform speed as much as possible, reduce the processing marks, and enhance the visual experience and texture of the workpiece surface.
High level of automation, improve processing efficiency
The needs of today’s consumers are diversified and individualized, and the agile manufacturing model based on market demand may become an important means for solid wood custom furniture companies to improve their competitiveness. Due to the high degree of automation of the five-axis CNC machining process, the degree of manual participation is relatively small, which effectively reduces the time cost and labor cost of manual participation in the product manufacturing line. The interference of human factors in the process can improve the overall processing efficiency.
Composite functions, streamlined procedures
In the traditional processing mode, different processing sections require different processing machine tools and skilled workers to participate, while the five-axis CNC machining center has an independent workbench and automatic tool library, and complex processing procedures are simplified through functional compounding. From the simplest cutting to the most precise shape processing, thread processing and hole position processing, the five-axis CNC machining equipment can be switched flexibly. Compared with the three-axis machining process, the process is smoother and more efficient.
For the processing of complex and special-shaped pieces of solid wood furniture, the three-axis processing mode is aimed at different cutting processes, requiring multiple tool changes, clamping, tool setting, confirmation, and reprocessing of the workpiece, and it is mostly used for the initial processing plane. Five-axis CNC machining can be flexibly switched and tool-set. For the machining of curved surfaces, bottom sides, and drilling of special-shaped parts, one clamping can complete the machining of the entire workpiece in the predetermined machining track.
Easy to intelligent management, high security
In the era of intelligent manufacturing, the introduction of five-axis CNC machining equipment to cooperate with its intelligent production management is an important means to cope with the continuous upgrading and changes of the market. From processing parameter setting, program compilation, tool library management, intelligent calculation to parameter visualization, dynamic prediction, virtual simulation of processing environment, self-inspection and self-repair functions, etc., five-axis CNC processing equipment has excellent processing accuracy and safety. with respectable performance.
Summarize
With the rapid development of information technology in today’s society, the market demand is changing rapidly, and the production and manufacturing model that is constantly developing towards intelligence and agility is also constantly giving birth to new technologies. At present, the customized furniture production mode has the characteristics of buyer’s market dominance, customer segmentation, modular and standardized design, and collaborative development. Customized solid wood furniture companies combine five-axis numerical control processing technology with advanced production management systems to develop and produce products that can meet It is a great practice of mass customization and batch production to meet the individual needs of consumers while ensuring the improvement of production costs and efficiency.
With the continuous maturity of five-axis CNC machining technology, the accuracy, stability, visual programming and safety of the machine have been effectively guaranteed. At present, more and more furniture companies choose to cooperate with equipment manufacturers to simplify production line configuration and improve product quality by introducing advanced five-axis CNC machining equipment, thereby shortening the cycle from product customization to production and delivery, so as to improve the overall work efficiency.